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By
Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadair_CRJ-100
The Bombardier CRJ100 and CRJ200 are a family of regional airliner manufactured by Bombardier, and based on the Canadair Challenger business jet.
Development
The aircraft was based on the Canadair Challenger design, which was purchased by Canadair from Learjet in 1976.
The wide fuselage of the Challenger suggested early on to Canadair officials that it would be straightforward to stretch the aircraft to accomomodate more seats, and there was a plan for a Challenger 610E, which would have had seating for 24 passengers. That lengthening didn't occur, the effort being canceled in 1981, but the idea didn't disappear.
In 1987, studies began for a much more ambitious stretched configuration, leading to the formal launch of the Canadair Regional Jet program in the spring of 1989. The "Canadair" name was retained despite the fact that Bombardier had bought out the company. The first of three development machines for the initial CRJ100 performed its first flight on 10 May 1991, though one of the prototypes was lost in a spin mishap in July 1993. The type obtained certification in late 1992, with initial delivery to customers late in that year.
CRJ100
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CRJ cockpit |
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Passengers boarding a Maersk Air CRJ100 at Amsterdam Schiphol |
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Brit Air CRJ100 landing |
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Air Canada CRJ-200 at Toronto in 1999 |
The CRJ100 was stretched 5.92 meters (19 feet 5 inches), with fuselage plugs fore and aft of the wing, two more emergency exit doors, plus a reinforced and modified wing. Typical seating was 50 passengers, the maximum load being 52 passengers. The CRJ100 featured a Collins ProLine 4 avionics suite, Collins weather radar, GE CF34-3A1 turbofans with 41.0 kN (4,180 kgp / 9,220 lbf), new wings with extended span, more fuel capacity, and improved landing gear to handle the higher weights. It was followed by the CRJ100 ER subvariant with 20% more range, and the CRJ100 LR subvariant with 40% more range than the standard CRJ100.
CRJ200
The CRJ200 is identical to the 100 model except for more efficient engines.
Pinnacle Airlines had operated some with 44 seats with closets in the forward areas of the passenger cabin though these were converted to 50 seat airplanes. These modifications were designed to allow operations under their major airline contract "scope clause" which restricts major airlines' connection carriers from operating equipment carrying 50 or more passengers to guard against usurpation of Air Line Pilots Association & Allied Pilots Association pilots' union contract. Similarly, Comair's fleet of 40-seat CRJ200s were sold at a discounted price to discourage Comair from purchasing the less expensive and smaller Embraer 135.
As of August 2006 a total of 938 CRJ100 and CRJ200 aircraft (all variants) are in airline service, with 8 further firm orders. Major operators include Comair (143), Pinnacle Airlines (121), SkyWest Airlines (136), Atlantic Southeast Airlines (110), Air Wisconsin (70),, ALMA de Mexico (22), Air Canada Jazz (58), Mesa Airlines (60), Lufthansa CityLine (26), Air Nostrum (35, Plus 7 orders), PSA Airlines (35), Republic Airways Holdings (20), and Mesaba Airlines (19). Some 19 other airlines also operate smaller fleets of the type.
Variants
Several models of the CRJ have been produced, ranging in capacity from 40 to 86 passengers. The Regional Jet designations are marketing names and the official designation is CL-600-2B19.
- CRJ100
- The CRJ100 is the original 50-seat version. It is equipped with General Electric CF34-3A1 engines. Operators include Air Canada Jazz, Comair and more.
- CRJ200
- The CRJ200 is identical to the CRJ100 except for its engines, which were upgraded to the CF34-3B1 model, offering improved efficiency.
- CRJ440
- Similar to CRJ200 but reduced MTOW and capacity for only 40 to 44 passengers. Exclusive customer with 69 aircraft is Pinnacle Airlines operating as Northwest Airlink.
- Challenger 800/850
- A business jet variant of the CRJ200
Operators
 Armenia
 Austria
 Bangladesh
 Belarus
 Canada
 Denmark
 France
 Germany
 Hungary
 India
 Italy
 Japan
 Mexico
 People's Republic of China
 Macedonia
 Nigeria
 Slovenia
 South Africa
 Spain
 Turkey
 United Kingdom
 United States
 Uruguay
Incidents and accidents
- On 16 December 1997, Air Canada Flight 646 Bombardier Canadair CRJ-100 crashed on a go-around at Greater Fredericton Airport in Fredericton, New Brunswick. No fatalities were reported.
- On 22 June 2003, a Brit Air flight 5672 from Nantes to Brest, France crashed 2.3 miles short and 0.3 miles to the left of the runway when attempting a landing at Brest's airport. The aircraft's captain was the sole fatality.
- On 14 October 2004, Pinnacle Airlines Flight 3701, a CRJ200 operated by Pinnacle Airlines, crashed on a repositioning flight from Little Rock, Arkansas to Minneapolis. The two pilots pushed the airplane to its service ceiling of 41,000 feet at much higher climb rates than the engines and airframe could handle. This caused both engines to flame out and possibly experience core lock. The aircraft did not have any passengers onboard because the plane was being ferried (moved from one location to another). The aircraft crashed about fifteen minutes later, in sight of the diversion airport; both pilots were killed.
- On 21 November 2004, a CRJ200 LR operating as China Eastern Airlines Flight 5210 crashed shortly after takeoff, killing all 53 on board as well as two on the ground.
- On 27 August 2006, a CRJ100 ER operated by regional carrier Comair (Comair Flight 5191) and marketed as a Delta Connection flight, crashed during takeoff from the wrong runway at Blue Grass Airport in Lexington, Kentucky. There were 49 fatalities, with only the severely injured first officer surviving.
- On 20 May 2007, a CRJ100 operated by Air Canada Jazz, which originated in Moncton, New Brunswick, had its main landing gear collapse at Toronto-Pearson International Airport while turning from the runway onto the taxiway. There were no injuries. The aircraft C-FRIL was written off and was cancelled from the Canadian Aircraft Register on 18 July 2007
- On 13 February 2008, a CRJ100 LR operated by Belavia (Belavia Flight 1834) crashed and flipped-over during takeoff at Zvartnots International Airport in Yerevan, Armenia. Most passengers suffered some burns, and four were taken to the hospital. No fatalities were reported.
Specifications
| Variant |
CRJ100 ER/LR |
CRJ200 ER/LR |
| Crew |
3 (2 pilots + flight attendant) |
| Seating capacity |
50 |
Length
Wing span
Height |
27.77 m (87 ft 10 in)
21.21 m (69 ft 7 in)
6.22 m (20 ft 5 in) |
Engines (2x)
Takeoff thrust (2x)
Thrust APR (2x) |
GE CF34-3A1
38.83 kN (8,729 lbf)
41.01 kN (9,220 lbf) |
GE CF34-3B1
38.83 kN (8,729 lbf)
41.01 kN (9,220 lbf) |
| Max Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW) |
19,958 kg (44,000 lb) |
| Max payload weight |
6,124 kg (13,500 lb) |
| Max Take Off Weight |
24,091 kg (53,000 lb) |
| Maximum range |
ER: 3,000 km (1,864 mi, 1,620 nmi)
LR: 3,710 km (2,305 mi, 2,003 nmi) |
ER: 3,045 km (1,895 mi, 1,644 nmi)
LR: 3,713 km (2,307 mi, 2,004 nmi) |
| Basic cruising speed |
Mach .78 [503 mph, 437 knots] (593.74 mph ground, 516 knots ground) |
| Flight ceiling |
12,496 m (41,000 ft) |
| Number of Orders |
1054 |
| Certification Date |
unknown |
July 1992 |
CRJ200:
Dimensions:
- Wing area (net)520.4 ft248.35 m2
- Fuselage maximum diameter8 ft 10 in2.69 m
- Turning Circle75 ft22.86 m
ReferencesThe initial version of this article was based on a public domain article from Greg Goebel's Vectorsite. www.crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/home_crj.jsp?langld=en&crjld+1000
See also
Related development
Comparable aircraft
Related lists
External links
Text from Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License; additional terms may apply.
Published in July 2009.
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