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List of spacewalks and moonwalks 1965–1999

By Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_spacewalks_and_moonwalks_1965%E2%80%931999

For spacewalks that have taken place since the beginning of 2000, see List of spacewalks since 2000.


Bruce McCandless conducts the first untethered spacewalk during STS-41-B.
Bruce McCandless conducts the first untethered spacewalk during STS-41-B.

This list contains all spacewalks and moonwalks performed from 1965 to 1999 where an astronaut has fully, or partially left a spacecraft. Entries for EVAs conducted on the surface of the Moon are shown with a gray background, while entries for all other EVAs are uncolored.

All spacewalks have had the astronauts tethered to their spacecraft except for seven spacewalks by the United States, (six in 1984 using the Manned Maneuvering Unit, and one in 1994 testing the SAFER rescue device). All moonwalks were performed with astronauts untethered, and some of the astronauts had traveling far enough to lose visual contact with their craft (they were up to 7.6 km away from it using the Lunar Rover).

As of May 17, 2009, 183 astronauts have made spacewalks (out of 494 people who have gone into orbit). Only 9 womenhave been on spacewalks, in part because the EVA suits are too large for some women.


1965-1969 Spacewalks and moonwalks

Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

# Spacecraft Spacewalkers Start (UTC) End (UTC) Duration
1. Voskhod 2 Alexei Leonov March 18, 1965,
08:34:51
March 18, 1965,
08:47:00
0 h, 12 min
Leonov conducted the first EVA in history.[7] Leonov had difficulty fitting back into the spacecraft due to spacesuit stiffness in vacuum. He vented air from his spacesuit to bend back into the capsule.[8]
2. Gemini 4 Edward White June 3, 1965,
19:46:00
June 3, 1965,
20:06:00
0 h, 20 min
White conducted the second EVA in history and the first U.S. EVA.[9] White also had difficulty returning to the Gemini spacecraft. Although very fit, the effort left White exhausted.[10]
3. Gemini 9A Gene Cernan June 5, 1966,
15:02:00
June 5, 1966,
17:09:00
2 h, 7 min
A complex work EVA was planned.[11] Cernan expended four to five times the expected effort, raising his pulse as high as 180 beats per minute. Excess heat and respiration completely fogged visor. EVA was cut short. Cernan also had difficulty returning to spacecraft and closing hatch.[12]
4. Gemini 10 - EVA 1 Michael Collins July 19, 1966,
21:44:00
July 19, 1966,
22:33:00
0 h, 49 min
Collins performed a stand-up EVA. Instead of climbing completely out of the spacecraft, Collins extended his torso outside the spacecraft to take photos before and after capsule sunrise. Color photography after sunrise was only partly completed due to severe eye irritation of both Collins and Young. Handling the camera proved difficult due to stiffness of spacesuit gloves.[13]
5. Gemini 10 - EVA 2 Michael Collins July 20, 1966,
23:01:00
July 20, 1966,
23:40:00
0 h, 39 min
Collins performed an umbilical EVA. With more difficulty than expected, Collins collected the micrometeorite collection package from the outside of Gemini. Then, using the Hand Held Maneuvering Unit, he pushed to the nearby Agena-8 to collect its micrometeorite collection package. Collins then pulled on the umbilical cord to return and re-enter the spacecraft.[14]
6. Gemini 11 - EVA 1 Richard Gordon September 13, 1966,
14:44:00
September 13, 1966,
15:17:00
0 h, 33 min
Gordon attached a tether between Gemini and Agena 11 for later orbital mechanics testing. While making the attachment, his work load exceeded the spacesuit cooling system, and his vision became obscured by a fogged visor and sweat in his eyes. Planned activities were curtailed by Command Pilot Conrad and Gordon returned to the spacecraft.[15]
7. Gemini 11 - EVA 2 Richard Gordon September 14, 1966,
12:49:00
September 14, 1966,
14:57:00
2 h, 08 min
Gordan performed as stand-up EVA. He extended through the hatch to take astronomical photos. Conrad reported the spacewalk was so relaxing they both fell asleep for a moment after sunrise.[16]
8. Gemini 12 - EVA 1 Buzz Aldrin November 12, 1966,
16:15:00
November 12, 1966,
18:44:00
2 h, 29 min
Aldrin performed a stand-up EVA. Aldrin stood, took UV still photos and 16 mm color movie pictures, collected external experimental samples, and conducted light exercise routine.[17]
9. Gemini 12 - EVA 2 Buzz Aldrin November 13, 1966,
15:34:00
November 13, 1966,
17:40:00
2 h, 06 min
Aldrin’s walk was the first completely successful umbilical EVA, with all objectives achieved. He was able to control his movements and restrict his work load using techniques developed using underwater zero gravity simulations. Aldrin also benefited from experiences of the previous American EVAs. Aldrin was able to move around the outside of the craft, deploy and recover various experimental packages, install and remove cameras, and practice work techniques using a ratchet-type wrench.[18]
10. Gemini 12 - EVA 3 Buzz Aldrin November 14, 1966,
14:52:00
November 14, 1966,
15:47:00
0 h, 55 min
Aldrin performed another stand-up EVA. Aldrin again extended outside the hatch to take photographs and repeat the light exercise experiment. Exertion levels during exercise were comparable to preflight simulations. Equipment and waste food containers not needed for reentry were jettisoned from the spacecraft.[19]
11. Soyuz 4 & Soyuz 5 Yevgeny Khrunov,
Aleksei Yeliseyev
January 16, 1969,
12:43:00
January 16, 1969,
01:15:00
0 h, 37 min
Khrunov and Yeliseyev conducted the first two-man spacewalk. They launched in Soyuz 5. Soyuz 4 then docked with Soyuz 5, and Khrunov and Yeliseyev used exterior hatches to transfer to Soyuz 4. Although docked together, Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5 did not make an interior (pressurized) connection. Khrunov and Yeliseyev returned to Earth aboard Soyuz 4.[20]
12. Apollo 9 David Scott (Stand up only),
Rusty Schweickart
March 6, 1969,
16:45:00
March 6, 1969,
18:02:00
1 h, 17 min
Schweickart exited the Lunar Module hatch, wearing the extravehicular mobility unit backpack. Schweickart's backpack provided oxygen, communications, and cooling, independent of his spacecraft. Scott extended out of the Command Module hatch but remained supported by the Command Module through an umbilical cord. Plans for Schweickart to move to the Command Module hatch were scrubbed due to severe space sickness he had suffered the day before.[21]
13. Apollo 11 - Moonwalk Neil Armstrong,
Buzz Aldrin
July 21, 1969,
02:39:33
July 21, 1969,
05:11:39
2 h, 31 min, 40 s
Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon. Aldrin followed, describing the moon as "magnificent desolation."[22] During their 2-1/2 hour EVA, the team deployed the Early Apollo Scientific Experimental Package, took a call from President Nixon, collected rock and core samples, raised a US Flag, and took photographs.[23] Armstrong reported moving around on the moon was easier than the simulation.[22]
14. Apollo 12
1st Moonwalk
Pete Conrad,
Alan Bean
November 19, 1969,
11:32:35
November 19, 1969,
15:28:38
3 h, 56 min, 03 s
During the first Apollo 12 moonwalk, Conrad and Bean deployed the Modular Equipment Stowage Assembly, collected and stowed the contingency sample, erected the solar wind foil, collected core samples and more surface samples, and deployed the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package.[24] Early in the moonwalk, Bean accidentally pointed the color TV camera toward the sun and destroyed the camera. The rest of the moonwalk became a radio only event.[25]
15. Apollo 12
2nd Moonwalk
Pete Conrad,
Alan Bean
November 20, 1969,
03:54:45
November 20, 1969,
07:44:00
3 h, 49 min, 15 s
Conrad and Bean collected additional core and rock samples and traveled over 600 feet to Surveyor 3 to collect some parts (including the TV camera) off of the robotic lander. They also retrieved the solar wind foil deployed on their earlier moonwalk.[26]
Edward White during Gemini 4 EVA.

1970-1979 Spacewalks and moonwalks

Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

# Spacecraft Spacewalkers Start (UTC) End (UTC) Duration
16. Apollo 14
1st Moonwalk
Alan Shepard,
Edgar Mitchell
February 5, 1971,
14:42:13
February 5, 1971,
19:30:50
4 h, 47 min, 50 s
Shepard and Mitchell deployed the Modular Equipment Stowage Assembly, grabbed the contingency sample, and successfully set up the color TV camera. They erected an American flag and the solar wind foil. They then deployed the ALSEP and proceeded to collect core samples and several large moon rocks.[27]
17. Apollo 14
2nd Moonwalk
Alan Shepard,
Edgar Mitchell
February 6, 1971,
08:11:15
February 6, 1971,
12:45:56
4 h, 34 min, 41 s
Shepard and Mitchell trekked 1300 meters (almost a mile) up the side of Cone crater, collecting rock samples, taking photographs and deploying a portable magnetometer. Although they came close, the team didn’t find the rim of the crater due to the difficulty of navigating the stark lunarscape.[28] Before re-entering the Lunar Module, Shepard used a modified sample tool to hit a couple golf balls.[29]
18. Apollo 15
Stand up EVA
David Scott July 31, 1971,
00:16:49
July 31, 1971,
00:49:56
33 min, 07 s
Scott stood in the top hatch, visually surveying and photographing the landing site. He identified future EVA destinations and confirmed suitability for Lunar Rover access.[30]
19. Apollo 15
1st Moonwalk
David Scott,
James Irwin
July 31, 1971,
13:12:17
July 31, 1971,
19:45:59
6 h, 32 min, 42 s
Scott and Irwin were the first team to ride the Lunar Rover on the moon. After securing the contingency sample, they drove the rover (equipped with a TV camera beaming video back to Houston) to Elbow Crater and then to St. George Crater, collecting rock samples and taking photographs on the 5.6-mile (9.0 km) trip. On return to the Lunar Module, the moonwalkers deployed the ALSEP.[31]
20. Apollo 15
2nd Moonwalk
David Scott,
James Irwin
August 1, 1971,
11:48:48
August 1, 1971,
19:01:02
7 h, 12 min, 14 s
Scott and Irwin traveled a southbound loop of 6.8 miles (10.9 km) in the Lunar Rover, collecting rock and soil samples, photographs, and a core sample. They stopped at the Apennine front, Spur Crater, and Dune Crater. At the Spur Crater rim Scott and Irwin spotted and collected a white rock later estimated to be 4.5 billion years old. Almost as old as the moon itself, sample 15415 has become known as Genesis Rock, the oldest rock recovered by the Apollo missions.[32] After returning to the Lunar Module, they completed work around the ALSEP before re-entering the LM.[33]
21. Apollo 15
3rd Moonwalk
David Scott,
James Irwin
August 2, 1971,
08:52:14
August 2, 1971,
13:42:04
4 h, 49 min, 50 s
The spacewalkers last Lunar Rover ride traveled 2.8 miles (4.5 km) westward toward Hadley Rille. Sample collections and photographs were taken at the Scarp Crater, Rim Crater, and The Terrace on the rim of the Hadley Rille. Returning to the Lunar Module, Scott and Irwin collected the long core sample from the area of the ALSEP.[34]
22. Apollo 15
Transearth EVA
James Irwin (Stand up only),
Alfred Worden
August 5, 1971,
15:31:12
August 5, 1971,
16:10:19
39 min, 07 s
Worden made three trips to the Scientific Instrument Module (SIM) on the Service Module to recover the film cassettes from the panoramic and mapping cameras and to examine the SIM for anomalies.[35] Irwin stood in the hatch to assist and photograph the spacewalk.[36]
23. Apollo 16
1st Moonwalk
John W. Young,
Charles Duke
April 21, 1972,
16:47:28
April 21, 1972,
23:58:40
7 h, 11 min, 02 s
Young and Duke deployed the ALSEP. Then the moonwalkers boarded the Lunar Rover and traveled to Flag, Spook, and Buster Craters to collect rock and soil samples and to take photographs. At Buster Crater the lunar portable magnetometer was deployed.[37]
24. Apollo 16
2nd Moonwalk
John W. Young,
Charles Duke
April 22, 1972,
16:33:35
April 22, 1972,
23:56:44
7 h, 23 min, 09 s
Astronauts Young and Duke traveled to slopes of Stone Mountain, stopping at nine sites to collect samples, take photographs, and deploy a lunar portable magnetometer.[38] The round trip on the Lunar Rover totaled 7.2 miles (11.6 km).[39]
25. Apollo 16
3rd Moonwalk
John W. Young,
Charles Duke
April 23, 1972,
15:25:28
April 23, 1972,
21:05:31
5 h, 40 min, 03 s
Young and Duke climbed back onto the Lunar Rover and traveled to Palmetto and End Crater, finally reaching the rim of North Ray Crater. [40] At the North Ray rim, they left to LM and walked to the largest boulder (dubbed ‘’House Rock’’) sampled by the Apollo missions.[41] Young and Duke set the lunar land speed record of 10.5 miles per hour (16.9 km/h) during the third EVA.[39]
26. Apollo 16
Transearth EVA
Charles Duke (Stand up only),
Thomas Mattingly
April 25, 1972,
20:33:46
April 25, 1972,
21:57:28
1 h, 23 min, 42 s
Command Module Pilot Mattingly retrieved the panoramic and mapping camera film cassettes from the SIM bay film. Lunar Module Pilot Duke stood in the hatch to support Mattingly and to operate the microbial ecology evaluation device.[42]
27. Apollo 17
1st Moonwalk
Eugene Cernan,
Harrison Schmitt
December 11, 1972,
23:54:49
December 12, 1972,
07:06:42
7 h, 11 min, 53 s
Cernan and Schmitt deployed the ALSEP. Due to time restraints, their first trip on the Lunar Rover had to be shortened to a single stop near Emory Crater. This first EVA trip looped 2.2 miles (3.5 km) to collect about 31 pounds (14 kg) of geological samples.[43]:p.10-15
28. Apollo 17
2nd Moonwalk
Eugene Cernan,
Harrison Schmitt
December 12, 1972,
23:28:06
December 13, 1972,
07:05:02
7 h, 36 min, 56 s
Cernan and Schmitt rode almost 5 miles (8.0 km) miles in the Lunar Rover toward the South Massif, stopping at Hole-in-the-Wall and Ballet Crater to collect samples. At Shorty Crater Schmitt discovered orange-colored soil.[44]
29. Apollo 17
3rd Moonwalk - Last Moonwalk as of March 2009
Eugene Cernan,
Harrison Schmitt
December 13, 1972,
22:25:48
December 14, 1972,
05:40:56
7 h, 15 min, 08 s
On their last moonwalk, Cernan and Schmitt drove the Lunar Rover toward the North Massif.[45] They explored a large split boulder called Tracy’s Rock, (named for Cernan’s daughter) taking samples, making photographs, and providing oral descriptions of the area. [44] The moonwalkers also visited the Sculptured Hills and Van Serg Crater as they finished their 7.5 miles (12.1 km) final ride.[43]:p.10-16
30. Apollo 17
Transearth EVA
Harrison Schmitt (Stand up only),
Ronald Evans
December 17, 1972,
20:27:40
December 17, 1972,
21:33:24
1 h, 05 min, 44 s
No problems were encountered as Evans recovered the panoramic and mapping film cassettes and the lunar sounder tape from the SIM bay on the Service Module and handed them to Schmitt in the Command Module hatch. [43]:p.10-43
31. Skylab 2 CM - EVA 1 Paul J. Weitz May 26, 1973,
00:40
May 26, 1973,
01:20
40 min
Using a 10-foot (3.0 m) long tool, Weitz stood in the open hatch of the Command Module (as Kerwin held onto his legs) and tried to remove a strap preventing the release of a solar panel on Skylab.[46]
32. Skylab 2 - EVA 2 Pete Conrad,
Joseph Kerwin
June 7, 1973,
15:15
June 7, 1973,
18:40
3 h, 25 min
Conrad and Kerwin used long-handled cable cutters to remove debris that prevented the solar array system from deploying. They then forced the solar array system to deploy, providing the Skylab with electrical power needed to operate.[47]
33. Skylab 2 - EVA 3 Pete Conrad,
Paul Weitz
June 19, 1973,
10:55
June 19, 1973,
12:31
1 h, 36 min
Conrad and Weitz ventured outside the spacecraft to replaced exposed film cassettes with fresh film. Conrad also fixed an electrical contact by whacking it with a hammer.[48]
34. Skylab 3 - EVA 1 Owen Garriott,
Jack Lousma
August 6, 1973,
17:30
August 7, 1973,
00:01
6 h, 31 min
Garriot and Lousma erected a twin-pole solar shield to improve temperature control in Skylab. They also replaced film cassettes in the solar observatory and installed micrometeoroid detection panels.[49]
35. Skylab 3 - EVA 2 Owen Garriott,
Jack Lousma
August 24, 1973,
16:24
August 24, 1973,
20:55
4 h, 31 min
Garriott and Lousma disconnected external cabling, installed a new gyroscope selection box, and reconnected the cabling to the box. They also replaced the film in the solar observatory.[50]
36. Skylab 3 - EVA 3 Owen Garriott,
Alan Bean
September 22, 1973,
11:18
September 22, 1973,
13:59
2 h, 41 min
Garrett and Bean replaced the film on the solar observatory. They also collected the Thermal Coatings Experiment Panel for return to earth.[51]
37. Skylab 4 - EVA 1 Edward Gibson,
William Pogue
November 22, 1973,
17:42
November 23, 1973,
00:15
6 h, 33 min
First time astronauts Gibson and Pogue spent 6-1/2 hours on their first EVA replacing the film on the solar observatory and repairing the antenna for the earth resources experiment package.[52]
38. Skylab 4 - EVA 2 Gerald Carr,
William Pogue
December 25, 1973,
16:00
December 25, 1973,
23:01
7 h, 01 min
Carr and Pogue used the extreme ultraviolet electronographic camera and the coronagraph contamination camera to photograph Comet Kohoutek. They also replaced the film on the solar observatory.[53]
39. Skylab 4 - EVA 3 Gerald Carr,
Edward Gibson
December 29, 1973,
17:00
December 29, 1973,
20:29
3 h, 29 min
Carr and Gibson photographed Comet Kohoutek as it appeared from behind the sun. They also recovered the Thermal Control Coatings Experiment panel.[54]
40. Skylab 4 - EVA 4 Gerald Carr,
Edward Gibson
February 3, 1974,
15:19
February 3, 1974,
20:38
5 h, 19 min
Carr and Gibson retrieved the final film from the solar observatory. They also photographed Kohoutek using the electronographic camera.[53]
41. Salyut 6 - PE-1 Yuri Romanenko (Stand up only),
Georgi Grechko
December 19, 1977,
21:36
December 19, 1977,
23:04
1 h, 28 min
The EVA by Romaneko and Grechko was the first Russian EVA in over 8 years and the first use of the Orlan-D spacesuit.[55] Grechko inspected the front docking port for damage from the failed Soyuz 25 docking and found no damage. Romaneko, assisting Grechko from the hatch, away from the station without a secure line, and was rescused by Grechko.[56]
42. Salyut 6 - PE-2 Vladimir Kovalyonok (Stand up only),
Aleksandr Ivanchenkov
July 29, 1978,
04:00
July 29, 1978,
06:20
2 h, 05 min
Ivanchenkov retrieved samples and experiments attached to the outside of Salyut 6. Kovalyonok assisted with the retrievals and used a color television camera to transmit EVA images to the ground controllers. [57]
43. Salyut 6 - PE-3 Valery Ryumin,
Vladimir Lyakhov
August 15, 1979,
14:16
August 15, 1979,
15:39
1 h, 23 min
Ryumin and Lyakhov ventured into vacuum to remove the KRT-10 antenna that had failed to separate from Salyut 6 and had fouled the aft docking port target. After disposing of the antenna, Ryumin collected samples of damaged insulation and a retrieved a micrometeroid detector.[58]
The last man on the moon, Eugene Cernan. This photo was taken on the third (and last) of the Apollo 17 moonwalks. Harrison Schmitt's reflection can just be made out in Cernan's helmet.

1980-1984 Spacewalks

Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

# Spacecraft Spacewalkers Start (UTC) End (UTC) Duration
44. Salyut 7 - PE-1 Anatoli Berezovoy (Stand up only),
Valentin Lebedev
July 30, 1982,
02:39
July 30, 1982,
05:12
2 h, 33 min
Performing the first EVA from Salyut 7, Lebedev anchored himself with a foot restraint, while Berezovoy assisted from the hatch. After collecting and placing samples on the exterior surface of the spacecraft, Lebedev tested methods for assembly and disassembly work in space, including the Istok panel experiment of turning bolts with a special wrench.[59]
45. STS-6 - EVA 1 Story Musgrave,
Donald Peterson
April 7, 1983,
21:05
April 8, 1983,
01:15
4 h, 10 min
Musgrave and Peterson conducted the first spacewalk from a Space Shuttle.[60] They spent their time testing their spacesuits and tools for future space construction.[61]
46. Salyut 7
PE-2 - EVA 1
Vladimir Lyakhov,
Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov
November 1, 1983,
04:47
November 1, 1983,
07:36
2 h, 50 min
Lyakhov and Aleksandrov added a new solar panel to Salyut 7, using techniques tested in an earlier EVA by Lebedev.[62]
47. Salyut 7
PE-2 - EVA 2
Vladimir Lyakhov,
Aleksandr Aleksandrov
November 3, 1983,
03:47
November 3, 1983,
06:62
2 h, 55 min
Lyakhov and Aleksandrov added a second solar panel, raising the electrical output of Salyut 7 by 50%.[62]
48. STS-41-B
EVA 1
Bruce McCandless II,
Robert Stewart
February 7, 1984 February 7, 1984 5 h, 55 min
McCandless and Stewart rode on the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMUs) during the first untethered EVAs in history. Both astronauts practiced using tools and procedures for the planned capture and repair of the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) satellite to be performed in a subsequent flight.[63]
49. STS-41-B
EVA 2
Bruce McCandless,
Robert Stewart
February 9, 1984 February 9, 1984 6 h, 17 min
McCandless and Stewart continued testing the MMUs. They also continued practice with tools and procedures to be used with recovery and repair of the SMM satellite.[63]
50. STS-41-C
EVA 1
George Nelson,
James van Hoften
April 8, 1984,
14:18
April 8, 1984,
16:56
2 h, 38 min
Nelson rode the MMU to the SMM satellite. Van Hoften stood by in the payload bay to provide any needed assistance. After three unsuccessful attempts to capture the SMM with the Trunnion Pin Acquisition Device (TPAD) tool and one attempt to grab the satellite by hand, the spacewalkers returned to Challenger. The SMM was recovered the next day with the RMS.[64]
51. STS-41-C
EVA 2
George Nelson,
James van Hoften
April 11, 1984,
08:58
April 11, 1984,
15:42
6 h, 44 min
Nelson and Van Hoften completed repair of the SMM satellite and then continued testing of the MMU.[65]
52. Salyut 7
PE-3 - EVA 1
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov
April 23, 1984,
04:31
April 23, 1984,
08:46
4 h, 20 min
Kizim and Solovyov conducted the first of 5 EVAs to repair the ruptured Main Oxidizer Line on Salyut 7. They installed a new ladder to reach the damaged line.[66]
53. Salyut 7
PE-3 - EVA 2
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov
April 26, 1984,
02:40
April 26, 1984,
07:40
4 h, 56 min
During the second of 5 EVAs to repair the ruptured pipe, Kizim and Solovyov removed installation and installed a valve in the spare line.[66]
54. Salyut 7
PE-3 - EVA 3
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov
April 29, 1984,
01:35
April 29, 1984,
04:20
2 h, 45 min
For the third of 5 EVAs to repair the damaged oxidizer line, Kizim and Solovyov installed a bypass line around the damaged section.[66]
55. Salyut 7
PE-3 - EVA 4
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov
May 3, 1984,
23:15
May 4, 1984,
02:00
2 h, 45 min
Kizim and Solovyov completed the fourth of the 5 oxidizer line repair EVAs by installing a second bypass line and replace the thermal insulation.[66]
56. Salyut 7
PE-3 - EVA 5
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov
May 18, 1984,
17:52
May 18, 1984,
20:57
3 h, 05 min
Overcoming a broken winch handle, Kizim and Solovyov added another set of two solar arrays to Salyut 7.[66]
57. Salyut 7
VE-4 - EVA 1
Svetlana Savitskaya,
Vladimir Dzhanibekov
July 25, 1984,
14:55
July 25, 1984,
18:29
3 h, 35 min
Savitskaya and Dzhanibekov tested the URI multi-purpose tool with several metal samples. Savitskaya became the first women in history to perform an EVA.[66]
58. Salyut 7
PE-3 - EVA 6
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov
August 8, 1984,
08:46
August 8, 1984,
13:46
5 h, 00 min
Kizim and Solovyov completed the last of 5 EVAs to repair the ruptured oxidizer line. They used a pneumatic press tool carried up by Soyuz-T 12 to crimp the ends of the ruptured pipe.[67]
59. STS-41-G
EVA 1
David Leestma,
Kathryn D. Sullivan
October 11, 1984
15:38
October 11, 1984
19:05
3 h, 29 min
Sullivan and Leestma demonstrated the use of the Orbital Refueling System, including the installation of an ORS valve maintenance kit.[68] Sullivan was the first American women and the second women in history to conduct an EVA.[69]
60. STS-51-A
EVA 1
Joseph P. Allen,
Dale Gardner
November 12, 1984,
13:25
November 12, 1984,
19:25
6 h, 00 min
Allen rode the MMU to the Palapa B-2 satellite, and retrieved it into the payload bay. Gardner and Allen secured the satellite in the payload bay for return to earth.[70]
61. STS-51-A
EVA 2
Joseph Allen,
Dale Gardner
November 14, 1984
11:09
November 14, 1984
16:51
5 h, 42 min
In a procedure similar to the first EVA of STS-51-A, Gardner rode the MMU to the Westar VI satellite, and retrieved it into the payload bay. Allen and Gardner then secured the satellite in the payload bay for return to earth.[70]
Bruce McCandless tests out the Remote Manipulator System foot restraint in the payload bay of Challenger during STS-41-B.

1985-1989 Spacewalks

Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

# Spacecraft Spacewalkers Start (UTC) End (UTC) Duration
62. STS-51-D
EVA 1
Jeffrey Hoffman,
Stanley Griggs
April 16, 1985 April 16, 1985 3 h, 06 min
Griggs and Hoffman installed an improvised switch-pulling tool, called the Flyswatter, on the RMS robotic arm. The Flyswatter was used in an effort to push the sequencer start lever on the LEASAT-3 in the proper position for deployment.[71] This attempted repair was the first unplanned spacewalk in NASA history.[72]
63. Salyut 7
PE-4 - EVA 1
Vladimir Dzhanibekov,
Viktor Savinykh
August 2, 1985,
07:15
August 2, 1985,
12:15
5 h, 00 min
Dzhanibekov and Savinykh, radio call name Pamir, installed the third pair of solar arrays on the Salyut 7[73]
64. STS-51-I
EVA 1
William Fisher,
James van Hoften
August 31, 1985 August 31, 1985 7 h, 20 min
Van Hoften rode the RMS to capture the Syncom IV-3 satellite and pulled it into payload bay. Fisher and Van Hoften secured and started repairs on the satellite in the payload bay. The retrieval was complicated by a malfunction of the RMS that made operation of the arm more complicated.[74]
65. STS-51-I
EVA 2
William Fisher,
James van Hoften
September 1, 1985 September 1, 1985 4 h, 26 min
Fisher and Van Hoften completed repairs on the Syncom IV-3 satellite. Then Van Hoften, riding the RMS, heaved the satellite out of the payload bay, imparting the required spin needed to fire the perigee motor.[74]
66. STS-61-B
EVA 1
Jerry L. Ross,
Sherwood Spring
November 29, 1985 November 29, 1985 5 h, 32 min
Ross and Spring practiced construction techniques in the payload bay of Atlantis. They assembled and disassembled the two experimental EASE/ACCESS structures.[75]
67. STS-61-B
EVA 2
Jerry L. Ross,
Sherwood Spring
December 1, 1985 December 1, 1985 6 h, 41 min
Ross and Spring conducted supplementary experiments on the EASE and ACCESS structures, including a test of the RMS to aid in the construction experiments.[75]
68. Salyut 7
PE-6 - EVA 1
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov
May 28, 1986,
05:43
May 28, 1986,
09:33
3 h, 50 min
Kizim and Solovyov retrieved test panels from the outside of Salyut 7 and assembled a test "girder-constructor" apparatus in preparation for work on Mir.[76]
69. Salyut 7
PE-6 - EVA 2
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov
May 31, 1986,
04:57
May 31, 1986,
09:57
5 h, 00 min
Kizim and Solovyov conducted additional tests on the experimental construction equipment, including the welding of several girders joints.[76]
70. Mir PE-2 - EVA 1 Yuri Romanenko,
Aleksandr Laveykin
April 11, 1987,
19:41
April 11, 1987,
23:21
3 h, 40 min
Romanenko and Laveykin made an unplanned spacewalk to examine the Kvant docking port, because it had failed to make a hard dock with Mir. They were able to remove debris lodged in the docking mechanism, allowing for a complete dock.[77]
71. Mir PE-2 - EVA 2 Yuri Romanenko,
Aleksandr Laveykin
June 12, 1987,
16:55
June 12, 1987,
18:48
1 h, 53 min
Romanenko and Laveykin expanded the electrical capacity of the Mir space station. They installed the first half of the solar array brought to orbit in Kvant.[77]
72. Mir PE-2 - EVA 3 Yuri Romanenko,
Aleksandr Laveykin
June 16, 1987,
15:30
June 16, 1987,
18:45
3 h, 15 min
Romanenko and Laveykin completed the expansion of electrical capacity on the Mir by installing the second half of the solar array carried to orbit in Kvant.[77]
73. Mir PE-3 - EVA 1 Vladimir G. Titov,
Musa Manarov
February 26, 1988,
09:00
February 26, 1988,
13:55
4 h, 25 min
Titov and Manarov replaced part of the array installed the previous year by Romanenko and Laveykin. They also found time to clear the portholes, which had become covered with dust.[78] p.
74. Mir PE-3 - EVA 2 Vladimir G. Titov,
Musa Manarov
June 30, 1988,
05:33
June 30, 1988,
10:43
5 h, 10 min
Titov and Manarov attempted to replace the Kvant's x-ray telescope during a spacewalk that was not planned or rehearsed before launch. They trained by watching a videotape and talking to cosmonauts who had practiced the repair in a pool. The repair was not completed when a special wrench broke.[79]
75. Mir PE-3 - EVA 3 Vladimir G. Titov,
Musa Manarov
October 20, 1988,
05:59
October 20, 1988,
10:11
4 h, 12 min
Using new tools delivered to orbit in Progress 38 supply vessel, Titov and Manarov completed the replacement of Kvant's x-ray telescope.[80]
76. Mir PE-4 - EVA 1 Alexander A. Volkov,
Jean-Loup Chrétien
December 9, 1988,
09:57
December 9, 1988,
15:57
6 h, 00 min
The first EVA by a French citizen commenced when Volkov and Chrétien ventured outside Mir to install hardware and experiments. The Soviet-French spacewalking team installed handrails, installed and wired the Enchantillons rack, and installed the ERA experimental package. At first, the ERA package failed to unfold when commanded from inside Mir. A swift kick from Volkov was needed for it to properly unfold.[81]
Jerry Ross rides the Remote Manipulator System while testing space station construction techniques in the payload bay of Atlantis during STS-61-B.

1990-1994 Spacewalks

Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

# Spacecraft Spacewalkers Start (UTC) End (UTC) Duration
77. Mir PE-5 - EVA 1 Alexander Viktorenko,
Aleksandr Serebrov
January 8, 1990,
20:23
January 8, 1990,
23:19
2 h, 56 min
Viktorenko and Serebrov installed new star tracker sensors brought up in the Kvant-2 module onto Kvant.[82]
78. Mir PE-5 - EVA 2 Alexander Viktorenko,
Aleksandr Serebrov
January 11, 1990,
18:01
January 11, 1990,
20:55
2 h, 54 min
Viktorenko and Serebrov closed out experimental racks, either retrieving for return to earth, or discarding into space. They also modified the docking node for the arrival of the Kristall module.[82]
79. Mir PE-5 - EVA 3 Alexander Viktorenko,
Aleksandr Serebrov
January 26, 1990,
12:09
January 26, 1990,
15:11
3 h, 02 min
Viktorenko and Serebrov tested the new Orlan-DMA spacesuit. This spacewalk team was the first use of the EVA airlock hatch on the Kvant-2 module. During the spacewalk a mooring post was attached outside the airlock, and a Kurs antenna was removed to enable future EVAs.[82]
80. Mir PE-5 - EVA 4 Alexander Viktorenko,
Aleksandr Serebrov
February 1, 1990,
08:15
February 1, 1990,
13:14
4 h, 59 min
Viktorenko and Serebrov tested the SPK "flying armchair", analogous to NASA's MMU. The SPK did not fly free, but remained tethered to Kvant-2 during the tests.[82]
81. Mir PE-5 - EVA 5 Alexander Viktorenko,
Aleksandr Serebrov
February 5, 1990,
06:08
February 5, 1990,
09:53
3 h, 45 min
Viktorenko and Serebrov conducted more tests of the SPK flying machine. Viktorenko reached as far as 45 metres (150 ft) from Mir.[82]
82. Mir PE-6 - EVA 1 Anatoly Solovyev,
Aleksandr Balandin
July 17, 1990,
13:06
July 17, 1990,
20:22
7 h, 00 min
At the start of their EVA to repair torn insulation on the Soyuz TM-9, Solovyev and Balandin damaged the hatch on Kvant-2 by opening it before the airlock was completely depressurized. The spacewalking team repaired the insulation on Soyuz, but time constraints required returning to Kvant-2 before they collected their tools and ladders. Unable to securely close the damaged hatch, they used the center section of Kvant-2 as a back-up airlock.[83]
83. Mir PE-6 - EVA 2 Anatoly Solovyev,
Aleksandr Balandin
July 26, 1990,
11:15
July 26, 1990,
14:46
3 h, 31 min
Solovyev and Balandin left Mir through the damaged Kvant-2 hatch. They transmitted images of the damaged hatch to TsUP. They also recovered the ladders and tools left outside earlier. After removing debris lodged in the hinge of the airlock hatch, allowing the hatch to close and seal for repressurization.[83]
84. Mir PE-7 - EVA 1 Gennadi Manakov,
Gennady Strekalov
October 29, 1990,
21:45
October 30, 1990,
00:30
2 h, 45 min
Manakov and Strekalov exited Mir through the damaged Kvant-2 airlock hatch. After removing insulation around the hatch, the found the hatch to be more heavily damaged than previously understood. Although unable to completely repair the hatch, they added hardware to the hatch and returned to the Mir.[84]
85. Mir PE-8 - EVA 1 Viktor M. Afanasyev,
Musa Manarov
January 7, 1991,
17:03
January 7, 1991,
22:21
5 h, 18 min
Afanasyev and Manarov successfully repaired the damaged hatch on the Kvant-2 airlock. The spacewalk team also positioned equipment for installation in a later EVA.[85]
86. Mir PE-8 - EVA 2 Viktor M. Afanasyev,
Musa Manarov
January 23, 1991,
10:59
January 23, 1991,
16:32
5 h, 33 min
Afanasyev and Manarov exited Mir through the newly repaired hatch on Kvant-2. They then installed the new Stela boom on the base block.[85]
87. Mir PE-8 - EVA 3 Viktor M. Afanasyev,
Musa Manarov
January 26, 1991,
09:00
January 26, 1991,
15:20
6 h, 20 min
Afanasyev and Manarov spent more than 6 hours installing supports on Kvant to hold the solar arrays on Kristall.[85]
88. STS-37 - EVA 1 Jerry L. Ross,
Jerome Apt
April 7, 1991, April 7, 1991, 4 h, 26 min
When the boom antenna on the GRO satellite would not extend, Ross and Apt exited the shuttle on an unplanned EVA to extend the boom to prepare for final release into orbit.[86]
89. STS-37 - EVA 2 Jerry L. Ross,
Jerome Apt
April 8, 1991, April 8, 1991, 5 h, 47 min
Ross and Apt installed and tested several monorail-type mobility tools for future space station construction.[86]
90. Mir PE-8 - EVA 4 Viktor M. Afanasyev,
Musa Manarov
April 25, 1991,
20:29
April 26, 1991,
00:03
3 h, 34 min
Manarov inspected and filmed the Kurs antenna on Kvant, finding that one of the antenna dishes was missing. Then Afanasyev and Manarov re-installed the camera on Kvant-2 that they had earlier removed and repaired.[87]
91. Mir PE-9 - EVA 1 Anatoly Artsebarsky,
Sergei Krikalev
June 24, 1991,
21:11
June 25, 1991,
02:09
4 h, 58 min
Artsebarsky and Krikalev started the EVA from the Kvant-2 airlock, climbed across Mir to the opposite end, and replaced the damaged Kurs antenna. Before returning to the airlock, they also performed assembly tests on an experimental structural joint.[88]
92. Mir PE-9 - EVA 2 Anatoly Artsebarsky,
Sergei Krikalev
June 28, 1991,
19:02
June 28, 1991,
22:26
3 h, 24 min
Artsebarski and Krikalev attached TREK,[89] a type of cosmic ray detector developed at the University of California, to the outside of Mir.[88]
93. Mir PE-9 - EVA 3 Anatoly Artsebarsky,
Sergei Krikalev
July 15, 1991,
11:45
July 15, 1991,
17:41
5 h, 56 min
Using the Stela boom, Artsebarsky and Krikalev moved ladders and the base platform parts for the Sofora girder from the Kvant-2 airlock and installed the components on the Kvant module.[88]
94. Mir PE-9 - EVA 4 Anatoly Artsebarsky,
Sergei Krikalev
July 19, 1991,
11:10
July 19, 1991,
16:38
5 h, 28 min
Artsebarsky and Krikalev started construction of the Sofora girder. Three of 20 structural pieces were installed.[88]
95. Mir PE-9 - EVA 5 Anatoly Artsebarsky,
Sergei Krikalev
July 23, 1991,
09:15
July 23, 1991,
14:57
5 h, 42 min
Artsebarsky and Krikalev continued the construction of the Sofora girder. Eleven more of the 20 girder pieces were installed.[88]
96. Mir PE-9 - EVA 6 Anatoly Artsebarsky,
Sergei Krikalev
July 27, 1991,
08:44
July 27, 1991,
15:33
6 h, 49 min
Artsebarsky and Krikalev complete assembly of the Sofora girder. The spacewalking team mounted a small Russian flag on top of the structure. Artsebarsky had trouble with fogging on his visor, due to overexertion, but Krikalev was able to lead him back to the airlock.[88]
97. Mir PE-10 - EVA 1 Alexander A. Volkov,
Sergei Krikalev
February 20, 1992,
20:09
February 21, 1992,
00:21
4 h, 12 min
Volkov and Krikalev performed maintenance activities on the outside of Mir, including cleaning camera lenses. Volkov had problems with the cooling system on his Orlan space suit, and was limited in his mobility.[90]
98. STS-49 - EVA 1 Pierre Thuot,
Richard Hieb
May 10, 1992,
20:40
May 11, 1992,
00:23
3 h, 43 min
Thuot attempted to capture the Intelsat VI satellite using a capture bar carried up in Space Shuttle Endeavor while Hieb stood by to assist with placement in the payload bay. After multiple attempts to catch Intelsat VI, the spacewalkers returned to the airlock to consider the failed attempts.[91]
99. STS-49 - EVA 2 Pierre Thuot,
Richard Hieb
May 11, 1992,
21:05
May 12, 1992,
02:35
5 h, 30 min
Thuot tried five more times to capture Intelsat VI while Hieb stood by to assist. Once again Thuot was unable to engaged the capture bar to the satellite.[91]
100. STS-49 - EVA 3 Pierre Thuot,
Richard Hieb and
Thomas Akers
May 13, 1992,
21:17
May 14, 1992,
05:46
8 h, 29 min
Thuot, Hieb and Akers captured Intelsat VI with their hands. The trio then pulled the satellite into the payload pay, added a new perigee kick motor, and launched the satellite away from Endeavor. This spacewalk was the first three-person spacewalk in history. The three spacewalkers also set a new record for elapsed spacewalk time.[91]
101. STS-49 - EVA 4 Thomas Akers,
Kathryn Thornton
May 14, 1992, ~21:00 May 15, 1992, ~04:45 7 h, 44 min
Akers and Thornton tested space station assembly techniques on an experimental structure, the Assembly of Station by Extravehicular Activity Methods (ASEM). The experiments with ASEM were intended to help with the design of the planned space station.[91]
102. Mir PE-11 - EVA 1 Alexander Viktorenko,
Alexander Kaleri
July 8, 1992,
12:38
July 8, 1992,
14:41
2 h, 03 min
Viktorenko and Kaleri inspected several gyrodynes, located on the Kvant-2 module, near the airlock. Their inspection provided data needed to prepare for the planned repair and replacement work.[92]
103. Mir PE-12 - EVA 1 Sergei Avdeyev,
Anatoly Solovyev
September 3, 1992,
13:32
September 3, 1992,
17:28
3 h, 56 min
Avdeyev and Solvyev moved the VDU thruster unit to its position and prepared the Sofora girder for installation of the VDU.[93]
104. Mir PE-12 - EVA 2 Sergei Avdeyev,
Anatoly Solovyev
September 7, 1992,
11:47
September 7, 1992,
16:55
5 h, 08 min
Avdeyev and Solvyev installed the electrical and control cables needed by the VDU thruster for operation on the Sofora truss. They also recovered the Russian flag installed on the Sofora truss the year before. It had been destroyed by UV radiation and micrometeoroids.[93]
105. Mir PE-12 - EVA 3 Sergei Avdeyev,
Anatoly Solovyev
September 11, 1992,
10:06
September 11, 1992,
15:50
5 h, 44 min
Avdeyev and Solvyev completed install of the VDU thruster on Sofora truss, and moved the truss into its extended position.[93]
106. Mir PE-12 - EVA 4 Sergei Avdeyev,
Anatoly Solovyev
September 15, 1992,
07:49
September 15, 1992,
11:22
3 h, 33 min
Avdeyev and Solvyev collected samples of a solar array and relocated the Kurs docking antenna on the Kristall module in preparation of the SoyuzTM-16 arrival.[93]
107. STS-54 - EVA 1 Gregory Harbaugh,
Mario Runco
January 17, 1993, January 17, 1993, 4 h, 28 min
Harbaugh and Runco tested space station construction techniques and mobility techniques. They proved that some techniques were useful, and some were not.[94]
108. Mir PE-13 - EVA 1 Gennadi Manakov,
Alexander Poleshchuk
April 19, 1993,
17:15
April 19, 1993,
22:40
5 h, 25 min
Manakov and Poleshchuk used the Strela boom to install an electric motor on the Kvant module for solar arrays originally installed on the Kristall module. After the installation, Poleshchuk noticed that one of the handles on the Strela boom had become loose and drifted away from Mir. The loss of the Strela handle meant the next EVA would have to be delayed until a new handle could be lifted to orbit the next Progress supply launch.[95]
109. Mir PE-13 - EVA 2 Gennadi Manakov,
Alexander Poleshchuk
June 18, 1993,
17:25
June 18, 1993,
21:58
4 h, 33 min
After receiving the replacement part, Manakov and Poleshchuk first repaired the Strela boom and then installed the second electric drive for the solar array.[95]
110. STS-57 - EVA 1 G. David Low,
Peter Wisoff
June 25, 1993, June 25, 1993, 5 h, 50 min
Low and Wisoff helped secure the antenna on the captured EURECA satellite in its stored position for return to earth. Then both spacewalkers practiced construction maneuvers on the RMS.[96]
111. Mir PE-14 - EVA 1 Vasili Tsibliyev,
Aleksandr Serebrov
September 16, 1993,
05:57
September 16, 1993,
10:16
4 h, 18 min
Tsibliyev and Serebrov began assembly of the experimental Rapana truss structure.[97]
112. STS-51 - EVA 1 James H. Newman,
Carl Walz
September 16, 1993,
08:40
September 16, 1993,
15:45
7 h, 05 min
Newman and Walz carried out tests on tools, tethers, and a foot restraint system in anticipation of the repair of the Hubble Space Telescope. A stuck tool chest lid slowed the closeout of spacewalk for at least 45 minutes.[98]
113. Mir PE-14 - EVA 2 Vasili Tsibliyev,
Aleksandr Serebrov
September 20, 1993,
03:51:50
September 20, 1993,
07:05:40
3 h, 13 min
Tsibliyev and Serebrov completed assemble Rapana truss. Learnings from the truss and its assembly process will be used in future station designs.[97]
114. Mir PE-14 - EVA 3 Vasili Tsibliyev,
Aleksandr Serebrov
September 28, 1993,
00:57
September 28, 1993,
02:48
1 h, 52 min
Cosmonauts Tsibliyev and Serebrov inspected the Mir exterior for damage from the recent Perseid meteoroid shower. The most notable damage they found was a 5-millimetre (0.20 in) hole on one of the solar arrays.[97]
115. Mir PE-14 - EVA 4 Vasili Tsibliyev,
Aleksandr Serebrov
October 22, 1993,
15:47
October 22, 1993,
16:25
0 h, 38 min
Tsibliyev and Serebrov continued their inspection of the Mir exterior for damage from the Perseids.[97]
116. Mir PE-14 - EVA 5 Vasili Tsibliyev,
Aleksandr Serebrov
October 29, 1993,
13:38
October 29, 1993,
17:50
4 h, 12 min
Tsibliyev and Serebrov completed their inspection of the entire outer surface of the Mir. They observed several marks on the hull, there were no complete penetrations. The spacewalking team did notice an unidentified piece of metal drifting by the Mir during their inspections.[97]
117. STS-61 - EVA 1 Story Musgrave,
Jeffrey Hoffman
December 5, 1993,
03:44
December 5, 1993,
11:38
7 h, 54 min
Musgrave and Hoffman replaced two sets of gyroscopes and electrical control units, as well as a set of 8 fuses on Hubble. The spacewalkers had considerable difficulty closing the latches on the gyro doors, probably due to thermal expansion of the closure bolts. Working closely with engineers on the ground, the team was able to force the door to latch closed. Before re-entering the shuttle, they prepared the payload bay for the next EVA.[99]
118. STS-61 - EVA 2 Kathryn C. Thornton,
Thomas Akers
December 6, 1993,
03:29
December 6, 1993,
10:05
6 h, 36 min
Thorton rode the RMS to handle the solar arrays while Akers made the cable connections as the team replaced two solar arrays on the Hubble. One array was discarded into space, and one array was furled and stowed for return to earth.[99]
119. STS-61 - EVA 3 Story Musgrave,
Jeffrey Hoffman
December 7, 1993,
03:35
December 7, 1993,
10:22
6 h, 47 min
Musgrave and Hoffman replaced the Hubble WFPC with WFPC 2. They also replaced two magnetometers before returning to Endeavour.[99]
120. STS-61 - EVA 4 Kathryn C. Thornton,
Thomas Akers
December 8, 1993,
03:13
December 8, 1993,
10:03
7 h, 21 min
Thornton and Akers replaced the Hubble's High Speed Photometer (HSP) with the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR). This replacement fixed the spherical aberration in Hubble's mirror. The HSP was stowed for return to earth.[99]
121. STS-61 - EVA 5 Story Musgrave,
Jeffrey Hoffman
December 9, 1993,
03:30
December 9, 1993,
10:51
7 h, 21 min
Musgrave and Hoffman replaced the electronics for the solar array drive motors. They also placed some made-on-Endeavour covers over the new magnetometers to protect them from debris.[99]
122. Mir PE-16 - EVA 1 Yuri Malenchenko,
Talgat Musabayev
September 9, 1994,
07:00
September 9, 1994,
12:06
5 h, 04 min
Malenchenko and Musabayev inspected a docking port on Kvant-2 for damage from a collision with Progress M-24.[100] They also inspected the Kristall module for damage from a collision with Soyuz TM-17 and repaired that module near where it docks into the base block of Mir.[101]
123. Mir PE-16 - EVA 2 Yuri Malenchenko,
Talgat Musabayev
September 13, 1994,
06:30
September 13, 1994,
12:32
6 h, 01 min
Malenchenko and Musabayev continued construction work in preparation of moving solar arrays from the Kristall module to the Kvant-2 module.[102]
124. STS-64 - EVA 1 Mark C. Lee,
Carl Meade
September 16, 1994,
14:42
September 16, 1994,
21:33
6 h, 51 min
Astronauts Lee and Meade carried out successful untethered tests of SAFER EVA rescue device.[103]
Jerry Ross performs an unscheduled EVA to release the high-gain antenna on the CGRO payload bay of Atlantis during STS-37.

1995-1999 Spacewalks

Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

# Spacecraft Spacewalkers Start (UTC) End (UTC) Duration
125. STS-63 - EVA 1 Michael Foale,
Bernard Harris
February 9, 1995,
11:56
February 9, 1995,
16:35
4 h, 39 min
Foale and Harris conducted a test of moving large mass objects. They also tested the effectiveness of the new spacesuit temperature control underwear by being lofted outside the payload bay by the RMS.[104]
126. Mir PE-18 - EVA 1 Vladimir N. Dezhurov,
Gennady Strekalov
May 12, 1995,
04:20:44
May 12, 1995,
10:35:16
6 h, 14 min, 32 s
Dezhurov and Strekalov made preparations for the arrival of the Spektr module. They installed some electrical cable attachements, adjusted solar array actuators, and practiced folding the Kristall solar arrays for the future move to Kvant.[105]
127. Mir PE-18 - EVA 2 Vladimir N. Dezhurov,
Gennady Strekalov
May 17, 1995,
02:38
May 17, 1995,
09:20
6 h, 52 min
Dezhurov and Strekalov moved the solar arrays from Kristall to Kvant. Their suits ran low on oxygen before they were able to re-install the arrays on Kvant. They secured the arrays and tools to Kvant and returned to Mir.[105]
128. Mir PE-18 - EVA 3 Vladimir N. Dezhurov,
Gennady Strekalov
May 22, 1995,
00:10:20
May 22, 1995,
05:25:11
5 h, 14 min, 51 s
Dezhurov and Strekalov completed installation of the relocated solar array on Kvant. They also retracted some solar panels to prepare for moving Kristall.[105]
129. Mir PE-18 - EVA 4 Vladimir N. Dezhurov,
Gennady Strekalov
May 28, 1995,
22:22
May 28, 1995,
22:43
0 h, 21 min
Conducting a spacewalk inside the transfer compartment of the Mir base block, Dezhurov and Strekalov relocated the docking cone from the -X port to the -Z port.[106]
130. Mir PE-18 - EVA 5 Vladimir N. Dezhurov,
Gennady Strekalov
June 1, 1995,
22:05:30
June 1, 1995,
22:28:20
0 h, 23 min, 50 s
Again working from the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Dezhurov and Strekalov prepared to move the recently arrived Spektr module by relocating the docking cone from the -Z port to the -Y port.[107]
131. Mir PE-19 - EVA 1 Anatoly Solovyev,
Nikolai Budarin
July 14, 1995,
03:56
July 14, 1995,
09:30
5 h, 34 min
Solovyev and Budarin used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module and freed the stuck solar array. They also inspected the -Z docking port and found it to be undamaged.[108]
132. Mir PE-19 - EVA 2 Anatoly Solovyev,
Nikolai Budarin
July 19, 1995,
00:39
July 19, 1995,
03:47
3 h, 08 min
Solovyev had problems with his Orlan-DMA spacesuit cooling system, and had to stay tethered to an umbilical at Kvant-2. Budarin was able work his way to the far end of Spektr and do some preparations for the installation of the Mir infrared spectrometer (MIRAS). He also collected the American TREK cosmic ray panel that had been installed on Kvant-2 since 1991.[109]
133. Mir PE-19 - EVA 3 Anatoly Solovyev,
Nikolai Budarin
July 21, 1995,
00:28
July 21, 1995,
06:18
5 h, 35 min
Solovyev and Budarin used the Strela boom to reach the Spektr module, where they completed the installation of MIRAS.[110]
134. STS-69 - EVA 1 James S. Voss,
Michael Gernhardt
September 16, 1995,
08:20
September 16, 1995,
15:06
6 h, 46 min
Voss and Gernhardt installed thermal instruments on the apparatus in the payload bay. They also tested redesigned spacesuit helmet lights and spacesuit heaters.[111]
135. Mir PE-20 - EVA 1 Sergei Avdeyev,
Thomas Reiter
October 20, 1995,
11:50
October 20, 1995,
17:06
5 h, 16 min
Reiter completed the first European Space Agency EVA. Avdeyev and Reiter used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module. The installed several experiments on the European Space Exposure Facility before returning to the airlock.[112]
136. Mir PE-20 - EVA 2 Sergei Avdeyev,
Yuri Gidzenko
December 8, 1995,
19:23
December 8, 1995,
19:52
0 h, 37 min
From inside the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Avdeyev and Gidzenko moved the Konus docking cone from the -Z port to the +Z port.[113]
137. STS-72 - EVA 1 Leroy Chiao,
Daniel Barry
January 15, 1996,
05:35
January 15, 1996,
11:44
6 h, 09 min
Chiao and Barry practiced construction techniques for the upcoming International Space station. Their activities included installing a cable tray, hooking up cables and fluid lines, handling small screws and bolts in the screw, and grappling large objects at the end of the robotic arm.[114]
138. STS-72 - EVA 2 Leroy Chiao,
Winston E. Scott
January 17, 1996,
05:40
January 17, 1996,
12:34
6 h, 53 min
Chiao and Scott continued testing of construction techniques. They worked with utility boxes, slidewires and a portable work stanchion attached to the robotic arm. Scott also tested the heating capabilities of his spacesuit by riding the robotic arm into a cold night zone while Endeavour’s payload bay was oriented toward space.[115]
139. Mir PE-20 - EVA 3 Thomas Reiter,
Yuri Gidzenko
February 8, 1996,
14:03
February 8, 1996,
17:08
3 h, 06 min
Reiter and Gidzenko moved a YMK maneuvering unit from the Kvant-2 airlock and secured it on the module exterior. They then collected experiments deployed earlier on the ESEF. The team was unable to remove an antenna from Kristall when they were unable to loosen some bolts on the antenna.[116]
140. Mir PE-21 - EVA 1 Yuri Onufriyenko,
Yury Usachev
March 15, 1996,
01:04
March 15, 1996,
06:55
5 h, 51 min
To improve access to the outside of the Kristall module, Onufriyenko and Usachev installed 2nd Strela boom on the Mir base block. The team also prepared cables and connectors for the future installation of the Mir Cooperative Solar Array.[117]
141. STS-76/Mir PE-21 Michael R. Clifford,
Linda Godwin
March 27, 1996,
06:34
March 27, 1996,
12:36
6 h, 02 min
Godwin and Clifford added four canisters of experiments, called the Mir Environmental Effects Payload (MEEP), to the outside of Mir docking module. They also tested new tethers and foot restraints for future use on the Mir and the upcoming ISS assembly.[118]
142. Mir PE-21 - EVA 2 Yuri Onufriyenko,
Yury Usachev
May 20, 1996,
22:50
May 21, 1996,
04:10
5 h, 20 min
Onufriyenko and Usachev moved the Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) from its stowage position on Kristal to a final location on Kvant, and prepared the array for complete deployment. They also released a balloon shaped like a large Pepsi can, and filmed it for a television commercial.[119]
143. Mir PE-21 - EVA 3 Yuri Onufriyenko,
Yury Usachev
May 24, 1996,
20:47
May 25, 1996,
02:30
5 h, 34 min
Onufriyenko and Usachev completed deployment of the Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) on the Kvant module.[119]
144. Mir PE-21 - EVA 4 Yuri Onufriyenko,
Yury Usachev
May 30, 1996,
18:20
May 30, 1996,
22:40
4 h, 20 min
Onufriyenko and Usachev installed the German made Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner (MOMS) camera to the exterior of the Priroda module. They also install a new handrail on the exterior of Kvant-2 to aid future spacewalks.[119]
145. Mir PE-21 - EVA 5 Yuri Onufriyenko,
Yury Usachev
June 6, 1996,
16:56
June 6, 1996,
20:30
3 h, 34 min
Cosmonauts Onufriyenko and Usachev installed two American micrometeoroid detector experiments to the exterior of Kvant-2. The team also replaced a cassette for the Komza experiment of the surface of Spektr.[119]
146. Mir PE-21 - EVA 6 Yuri Onufriyenko,
Yury Usachev
June 13, 1996,
12:45
June 13, 1996,
18:27
5 h, 42 min
Onufriyenko and Usachev installed the Rapana girder to the exterior of Kvant in anticipation of mounting future experiments to the girder. They also manually deployed the Travers radar on the surface of Priroda.[119]
147. Mir PE-22 - EVA 1 Valery Korzun,
Alexander Kaleri
December 2, 1996,
15:54
December 2, 1996,
21:52
5 h, 57 min
Korzun and Kaleri successfully connected electrical cables to the solar panels on surface installed on Kvant.[120]
148. Mir PE-22 - EVA 2 Valery Korzun,
Alexander Kaleri
December 9, 1996,
13:50
December 9, 1996,
20:28
6 h, 36 min
Korzun and Kaleri completed the construction of the Rapana truss structure and the installed the Kurs docking antenna. They also fixed an amateur radio antenna that had loosened.[121]
149. STS-82 - EVA 1 Mark C. Lee,
Steven Smith
February 14, 1997,
04:34
February 14, 1997,
11:16
6 h, 42 min
Lee and Smith accessed Hubble at the aft shroud doors. The spacewalkers swapped out the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) for the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer and replaced the Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. They closed out the EVA by closing the aft shroud doors and stowing the GHRS and FOS for return to earth.[122]
150. STS-82 - EVA 2 Gregory J. Harbaugh,
Joseph R. Tanner
February 15, 1997,
03:25
February 15, 1997,
10:52
7 h, 27 min
Harbaugh and Tanner repair work Hubble was to replace the Fine Guidance Sensor and an Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with spare replacement units. They also installed a new hardware piece, the Optical Control Electronics Enhancement Kit.[123]
151. STS-82 - EVA 3 Mark C. Lee,
Steven Smith
February 16, 1997,
02:53
February 16, 1997,
10:04
7 h, 11 min
Lee and Smith completed the 3rd spacewalk of the Hubble repair mission by replacing a Data Interface Unit with a spare unit and replacing a reel-to-reel tape drive Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with a solid-state digital version. They also replaced one of the four Reaction Wheel Assembly units that help point the telescope at targets.[124]
152. STS-82 - EVA 4 Gregory J. Harbaugh,
Joseph R. Tanner
February 17, 1997,
03:45
February 17, 1997,
10:19
6 h, 34 min
Harbaugh and Tanner continued their Hubble repair mission by replacing the Solar Array Drive Electronics package with a spare. Then they climbed to the top of the telescope where they replaced the covers of the satellite's magnetometers. Finally, before they finished their spacewalk, Harbaugh and Tanner installed thermal blankets over areas of degraded insulation.[125]
153. STS-82 - EVA 5 Mark C. Lee,
Steven Smith
February 18, 1997,
03:15
February 18, 1997,
08:32
5 h, 17 min
Lee and Smith completed the repair work on Hubble by installing more thermal insulation on three more areas that had undergone degradation.[126]
154. Mir PE-23 - EVA 1 Vasily Tsibliyev,
Jerry Linenger
April 29, 1997,
05:10
April 29, 1997,
10:09
4 h, 59 min
The spacewalk by Tsibliyev and Linenger marked the first use of the new Orlan-M space suit. Their first task was to install the Optical Properties Monitor (OPM) on the exterior of the Kristall docking module. Then the spacewalkers used the Strela crane to move to the Kvant-2 module. At Kvant-2 they retrieved two American experiments, the Partial Impact Experiment (PIE) and the Mir Sample Experiment (MSE), from the Kvant-2 hull, and installed the Benton Radiation Dosimeter on Kvant-2.[127]
155. Mir PE-24 - EVA 1 Anatoly Solovyev,
Pavel Vinogradov
August 22, 1997,
11:14
August 22, 1997,
14:30
3 h, 16 min
Solovyev and Vinogradov conducted an internal EVA to inspect the damaged Spektr module, which had been struck by the out-of-control Progress M-34 spacecraft. They were successful in reconnecting power cabling to the Spektr solar arrays, thus restoring part of the power lost in the collision. Although the spacewalkers were able to recover equipment and supplies from the module, they were not able to find the puncture hole.[128]
156. Mir PE-24 - EVA 2 Anatoly Solovyev,
Michael Foale
September 6, 1997,
01:07
September 6, 1997,
07:07
6 h, 00 min
Solovyev road the Strela crane to Spektr to inspect for damage. Foale operated the Strela from the Mir base block. Although Solovyev made an extensive documentation and search of Spektr, he was unable to find the hole created by the runaway Progress M-34 spacecraft. Before he returned to the airlock, Foale collected the radiation dosimeter installed outside earlier.[129] Foale became the first person to conduct EVAs in both American and Russian spacesuits.[130]
157. STS-86 - EVA 1 Scott Parazynski,
Vladimir Titov
October 1, 1997,
October 1, 1997,
5 h, 01 min
Parazynski and Titov retrieved the four Mir Environmental Effects Packages (MEEP) from the docking module surface. They also installed the Solar Array Cap to the docking module, to be used to plug the hole in the Spektr module on a future EVA. To close out the EVA, the spacewalkers tested the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) jet packs.[131]
158. Mir PE-24 - EVA 3 Anatoly Solovyev,
Pavel Vinogradov
October 20, 1997,
09:40
October 20, 1997,
16:18
6 h, 38 min
Solovyev and Vinogradov ventured inside the depressurized Spektr in an attempt to install three control cables between the solar array servo motors to the special adapter plate that seals Spektr from the rest of Mir. After cleaning up some of the debris and loose items in Spektr, Solovyev was able to connect the three cables to the servos. But even after an effort that extended into the "emergency oxygen supply" of the Orlan space suits, Solovyev was only able to connect two of the cables to the adapter plate.[132]
159. Mir PE-24 - EVA 4 Anatoly Solovyev,
Pavel Vinogradov
November 3, 1997,
03:32
November 3, 1997,
09:36
6 h, 04 min
Solovyev and Vinogradov released a minispunik (mini-satellite) into orbit. The spacewalkers then dismantled the old solar panel MSB-4 on Kvant. They stowed the panel on the outside of the Mir base block.[133]
160. Mir PE-24 - EVA 5 Anatoly Solovyev,
Pavel Vinogradov
November 6, 1997,
00:12
November 6, 1997,
06:24
6 h, 12 min
Solovyev and Vinogradov installed a new solar array on Kvant to replace the panel removed on their previous spacewalk.[134]
161. STS-87 - EVA 1 Winston E. Scott,
Takao Doi
November 25, 1997,
00:02
November 25, 1997,
07:45
7 h, 43 min
Scott and Doi captured the Spartan satellite by hand and secured it in the payload bay. Then the spacewalking team set up and tested a crane that will be used to construct the International Space Station.[135]
162. STS-87 - EVA 2 Winston E. Scott,
Takao Doi
December 3, 1997,
09:09
December 3, 1997,
14:09
4 h, 59 min
An extra spacewalk for Scott and Doi was added to the schedule to conduct more testing and evaluation of the crane in the payload by. They repeated many of the same crane motion tests with smaller objects than in the earlier walk. During the EVA a small free-flying video camera was deployed to record the work.[136]
163. Mir PE-24 - EVA 6 Anatoly Solovyev,
Pavel Vinogradov
January 8, 1998,
23:08
January 9, 1998,
02:14
3 h, 06 min
When the spacewalk began, Solovyev and Vinogradov had only planned to inspect and film the damaged airlock sealing system, but the inspection showed that repairs could be made on-the-spot. After completing the repair, the spacewalking team used the Strela boom to move across Mir and recover the American optical monitoring experiment. Before closing out the spacewalk, the team also checked the integrity of cable connects to several antennas.[137]
164. Mir PE-24 - EVA 7 Anatoly Solovyev,
David Wolf
January 14, 1998,
21:12
January 14, 1998,
01:04
3 h, 52 min
Solovyev continued to make more repairs to the airlock hatch on Kvant-2. Wolf used a handheld photo-reflectometer to inspect the exterior surface of Mir. Solovyev spent quite a bit of time supervising the actions of the novice Wolf. The airlock pressure check made after the spacewalk showed that Solovyev's repairs were effective.[138]
165. Mir PE-25 - EVA 1 Talgat Musabayev,
Nikolai Budarin
April 1, 1998,
13:35
April 1, 1998,
20:15
6 h, 40 min
In preparation for the repair of the damaged solar array, Musabayev and Budarin installed a set of handrails and one of two foot restraints on the outside of the Spektr module.[139]
166. Mir PE-25 - EVA 2 Talgat Musabayev,
Nikolai Budarin
April 6, 1998,
13:35
April 6, 1998,
17:50
4 h, 15 min
Musabayev and Budarin had to expend a high effort in their repairs of the damaged Spektr solar panel. After installing a splint on the frayed panel, they had to quickly return to the airlock to handle a problem with station attitude control.[140]
167. Mir PE-25 - EVA 3 Talgat Musabayev,
Nikolai Budarin
April 11, 1998,
09:55
April 11, 1998,
16:20
6 h, 25 min
Musabayev and Budarin removed and pushed off the external thruster engine (VDU) that had been located at the top of the Sofora boom. The team also recovered an experiment from the Rapana structure. [141] The original plan to dismantle the Rapana structure was not completed. The Rapana structure remained in place.[142]
168. Mir PE-25 - EVA 4 Talgat Musabayev,
Nikolai Budarin
April 17, 1998,
07:40
April 17, 1998,
14:13
6 h, 33 min
Musabayev and Budarin removed two structures and secured them to exterior surfaces. Then they repositioned the new thrust engine (VDU) for future use.[142]
169. Mir PE-25 - EVA 5 Talgat Musabayev,
Nikolai Budarin
April 22, 1998,
05:34
April 22, 1998,
11:55
6 h, 21 min
Musabayev and Budarin completed installation of the new VDU thruster unit on top of the top of the Sofora boom.[143]
170. Mir PE-26 - EVA 1 Gennady Padalka,
Sergei Avdeyev
September 15, 1998,
20:00
September 15, 1998,
20:30
0 h, 30 min
Padalka and Avdeyev conducted an internal spacewalk in the depressurized Spektr to connect electrical and control cables to the solar array servo motor.[144]
171. Mir PE-26 - EVA 2 Gennady Padalka,
Sergei Avdeyev
November 10, 1998,
19:23
November 11, 1998,
01:18
5 h, 54 min
As soon as the spacewalk started, Padalka and Avdeyev deployed a minisputnik, Spoutnik-41. The spacewalkers had a long list of experiment retrievals and deployments. The experiments included a French "meteorite trap" intended to catch some dust from the upcoming Leonids meteor shower.[145]
172. STS-88 - EVA 1 Jerry Ross,
James Newman
December 7, 1998,
22:10
December 8, 1998,
05:31
7 h, 21 min
Connected computer and electrical cables between the Unity node, the two mating adapters attached to either end of Unity, and the Zarya Functional Cargo Block (FGB).[146]
173. STS-88 - EVA 2 Jerry Ross,
James Newman
December 9, 1998,
20:33
December 10, 1998,
03:35
7 h, 02 min
Installed two box-like antennas on the outside of the Unity module that are part of the S-band early communications system.[147]
174. STS-88 - EVA 3 Jerry Ross,
James Newman
December 12, 1998,
20:33
December 13, 1998,
03:32
6 h, 59 min
Checked on an insulation cover on a cable connection on the lower Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA 2) to make sure it is fully installed, attached EVA tools on the side of Unity's upper mating adapter (PMA 1) in preparation for future EVAs, and inspected Orbiter Space Vision System targets on Unity.[148]
175. Mir PE-27 - EVA 1 Viktor Afanasyev,
Jean-Pierre Haigneré
April 16, 1999,
04:37
April 16, 1999,
10:56
6 h, 19 min
Afanasyev and Haigneré recovered experiments from the exterior of Mir and installed other experiments on the outer surface.[149]
176. STS-96 - EVA 1 Tamara E. Jernigan,
Daniel Barry
May 30, 1999,
02:56
May 30, 1999,
10:51
7 h, 55 min
Transferred and installed two cranes from the shuttle's payload bay to locations on the outside of the station. Installed two new portable foot restraints that will fit both American and Russian space boots, and attached three bags filled with tools and handrails that will be used during future assembly operations.[150]
177. Mir PE-27 - EVA 2 Viktor Afanasyev,
Sergei Avdeyev
July 23, 1999,
11:06
July 23, 1999,
17:13
6 h, 07 min
Afanasyev and Avdeyev install a communications antenna on the Sofora girder, but were unable to command the antenna dish to open fully. They also spent time trying to find a leak in Kvant-2. Before returning to the interior of Mir, the spacewalkers were able to retrieve the Exobiology and Dvikon experiments.[151]
178. Mir PE-27 - EVA 3 Viktor Afanasyev,
Sergei Avdeyev
July 28, 1999,
09:37
July 28, 1999,
14:59
5 h, 22 min
Afanasyev and Avdeyev were successful in completing the deployment of the antenna mounted on the Sofora girder. After proving fully open mode, the antenna was disconnected and pushed into space. The spacewalking team also installed the experiments Indicator and Sprut-4 on the exterior, they traded out tape cassettes on the Migmas ion spectrometer, and the recovered the Danko-M and the Ekran-D experiments for return to earth.[152]
179. STS-103 - EVA 1 Steven Smith,
John Grunsfeld
December 22, 1999,
18:54
December 23, 1999,
03:09
8 h, 15 min
Smith and Grunsfeld replaced six of Hubble's gyroscopes and installed six Voltage/Temperature Improvement Kits during one of the longest spacewalks on record. A planned activity to grease the door hinges was deferred to the next day's spacewalk.[153]
180. STS-103 - EVA 2 Michael Foale,
Claude Nicollier
December 23, 1999,
19:06
December 24, 1999,
03:16
8 h, 10 min
Foale and Nicollier replaced the main computer on Hubble with a new, faster machine. They also swapped out one of Hubble's three Fine Guidance Sensors for a refurbished one that had been removed from Hubble, returned to earth, and returned to space.[154]
181. STS-103 - EVA 3 Steven Smith,
John Grunsfeld
December 24, 1999,
19:17
December 25, 1999,
03:25
8 h, 08 min
Smith and Grunsfeld replaced a radio transmitter that had failed on Hubble in 1998. They also replaced a tape data recorder with a sold-state recorder and add some insulation to the outer surface of Hubble.[155]
Joseph Tanner on an EVA to maintain the Hubble Space Telescope during STS-82.

For spacewalks that took place from the beginning of 2000 on, see List of spacewalks since 2000.

See also

External links




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Published in July 2009.




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