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Anasal
Role	Reconnaissance aircraft
Manufacturer	Anatra
Designed by	Elysée Alfred Descamps
First flight	7 August 1916
Number built	70[1]
Variants	Anatra Anadis

The Anatra DS or Anasal was a two-seat reconnaissance aircraft developed from the Anatra D (Anade). It was built in Anatra factory in Odessa in Russian Empire and flown during World War I and by both sides during the Russian Civil War.

A main difference from a previous model was replacing primitive 100 hp rotary engine with much more powerful 150 hp radial engine Salmson, what improved performance. The engine was unique, being one of few water-cooled radial engines, hence the plane had a water radiator before an upper wing. It was license-built in Russia. Forward fuselage part was similar to the predecessor, with partial engine cover, open at a bottom, with characteristic holes. The plane was also slightly bigger and more heavily armed, adding a synchronised forward-firing machine gun for the pilot in addition to the observer's weapon.

The plane, named Anasal (short of Anatra Salmson) was first flown on 7 August 1916 (25 July 1916 old style). After long trials, a production started only in summer 1917, and before a Soviet revolution in November 1917 some 60-70 were manufactured, many other were in different stages of completion. It should be noted, that many aircraft differed in details from each other.

In March 1918 Odessa was taken by Austro-Hungarian forces, and in May Austrian government ordered 200 Anasals, as Anatra C.I, for training and observation. 114 were received by the Austrians by September 1918, some half was given to training units before the end of World War I.

Major post-war user of Anasal was Czechoslovakia, with 23 aircraft, used in military, thereafter civilian aviation. One of them survived in Praha-Kbely museum. Eight Anasals were used by revolutionary forces in Hungary.

Variants

• DS - two-seat reconnaissance aircraft
• DSS - a small number of aircraft with a more powerful 160 hp Salmson radial engine for slightly higher speed
• Anatra Anadis - fighter aircraft based on the Anasal design

Operators

 Austria-Hungary

 Czechoslovakia

• Postwar, 23 aircraft.

 Hungary

 Poland

• Postwar, 5 aircraft in 1919-1920.

 Russia

• Imperial Army
• White Russians and Kuban Cossacks

 Soviet Union

Specifications

General characteristics

• Crew: two, pilot and observer
• Length: 8.10 m (26 ft 7 in)
• Wingspan: 11.43 m (37 ft 6 in)
• Height: 3.2 m (10 ft 6 in)
• Wing area: 37.0 m² (398 ft²)
• Empty weight: 814 kg (1,795 lb)
• Gross weight: 1,164 kg (2,566 lb)
• Powerplant: 1 × Salmson rotary, 112 kW (150 hp)

Performance

• Maximum speed: 144 km/h (90 mph)
• Endurance: 3 hours  30 min
• Service ceiling: 4,300 m (14,100 ft)
• Rate of climb: 3.0 m/s (600 ft/min)

Armament

• 1 × fixed, forward-firing .303 Vickers machine gun
• 1 × .303 Vickers machine gun for observer

1. ^ Gunston, Bill (1995). The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft From 1875 to 1995. Osprey. pp. 1. ISBN 1 85532 405 9. 

External links

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Published in July 2009.

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